Analytical Data
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Gene name
CTLA-4
- Application
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Alternative Names
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4
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Species
Mouse
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Source
E. coli
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Tag
N- His-SUMO & C- Myc
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Purity
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
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Uniprot
P09793
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Expression Region
36-161aa
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Molecular Weight
33.9 kDa
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Endotoxin
< 1.0 EU per μg protein as determined by the LAL method.
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Form
Freeze-dried powder
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Buffer formulation
PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300.
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Reconstitution
Reconstitute in ddH2O to a concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg/mL. Do not vortex.
- Customization
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Stability Test
The thermal stability is described by the loss rate. The loss rate was determined by accelerated thermal degradation test, that is, incubate the protein at 37℃ for 48h, and no obvious degradation and precipitation were observed. The loss rate isless than 8% within the expiration date under appropriate storage condition.
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Storage & Shelf Life
Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -20℃ to -80℃. Store it under sterile conditions at -20℃ to -80℃. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Shipping
In general, recombinant proteins are supplied as lyophilized powder and shipped at ambient temperature. For bulk packages, the proteins are provided as frozen liquid and shipped with blue ice, unless otherwise requested by the customer.
Quality inspection process
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Protein Description
CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4) is an essential immune checkpoint receptor that plays a pivotal role in regulating T-cell activation and maintaining immune homeostasis. It is primarily expressed on activated T-cells and acts as an inhibitory receptor, counteracting the stimulatory signals provided by CD28 and thereby modulating the immune response. Dysregulation of CTLA-4 signaling can lead to autoimmune diseases or contribute to tumor evasion from immune surveillance, making it a significant target in cancer immunotherapy. The development of CTLA-4 recombinant proteins or monoclonal antibodies, such as ipilimumab, has demonstrated substantial clinical efficacy in enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. These therapies work by blocking CTLA-4 interactions, thereby augmenting T-cell activation and proliferation against cancer cells. Given the complexity of the immune system and the role of CTLA-4 in various diseases, ongoing research focuses on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of CTLA-4, optimizing therapeutic strategies, and exploring combinations with other immune checkpoint inhibitors to improve clinical outcomes for patients with malignancies and chronic infections. The increased understanding of CTLA-4 biology provides a foundation for innovative therapeutic approaches that harness the immune system more effectively in combating cancer and other immune-related disorders.
